以激光束为基准测量工作台直线运动误差的原理探讨

提出一种以两束激光为基准测量工作台直线运动误差(五个自由度)的方法,并根据刚体运动学的基本原理导出了相应的数学模型。所获得的误差计算公式形式简单,计算方便,适用于实时、现场运动精度测量及补偿。     

遥控机器人在空间抓物实验的仿真研究

本文是对空间机器人由地面站遥控操纵在空间抓物实验方案的仿真研究,它是在图形计算机工作站上用C语言编程实现的。视景化仿真描绘了自由飞行物与机器人之间的相对运动,考虑了空间站与地面站信息传输延迟的影响,用扩展的卡尔曼滤波实现了机器人对自由飞行物的自动跟踪,人在地面站观测预报的机器人和目标物的立体图象,可以经操纵球控制机械手运动。仿真结果表明,该方案对进一步研究有很好的参考价值。     

B65A-S钢动态力学性能及本构模型的研究

为了研究B65A-S钢的动态力学行为,采用Instron液压试验机和分离式霍普金森压杆试验装置,在不同应变率和不同温度条件下对圆柱形试样进行准静态和动态加载试验。试验结果表明,材料的屈服强度与流动应力随着温度升高而降低;在温度一定时,随着应变和应变率的增大,材料的流动应力增高,具有典型的温度软化、应变强化和应变率强化特性。最后基于Jonson-Cook本构模型对试验数据拟合,得到B65A-S钢的Johnson-Cook本构模型参数。     

GNSS Satellite Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (SAIM) using inter-satellite measurements

Integrity is the ability of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) to detect faults in measurements and provide timely warnings to users and operators when the navigation system cannot meet the defined performance standards, which is of great importance for safety of life critical applications. Compared with both Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) and ground based GNSS Integrity Channel (GIC) methods which are widely adopted nowadays, the Satellite Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (SAIM) method can be used to monitor orbit/ephemeris and clock errors, and has advantages in monitoring orbit and clock quality and providing instantaneous responses when faults happen.     

Coupled Stress-Electricity Model for Electromagnetic Emission Induced by Concrete Fracture

Electromagnetic emission induced during concrete fracturing is of great significance to health monitoring of concrete structures.A coupled stress-electricity model is established by analyzing the interaction between stress and electricity during concrete fracturing.And based on this model,the electromagnetic radiation parameters are calculated.The theoretical calculation is well coincident with experimental results.This work provides theoretical support for concrete testing system.     

火星大气来流模拟装置CFD仿真与试验

根据我国火星着陆巡视器工作过程,其着陆发动机需要在相对火星大气高速迎风运动中可靠点火。由于巡视器着陆时发动机喷管出口气流与火星稀薄气流方向相反,目前无法通过理论计算准确获得着陆过程的动态流场对发动机起动过程的影响量值。为验证火星着陆环境下发动机点火的适应性,需要建立发动机的火星大气来流试验环境模拟条件。为模拟发动机在火星大气条件下的相对运动,在真空舱内发动机保持固定,前端设置环形来流形成装置,该装置在发动机喷管周围形成一定速度的逆向来流包络。采用数值模拟技术结合试验验证方法,在火星着陆器巡视器主发动机性能考核试验中,针对来流的形成装置开展了设计研究工作。来流模拟试验测试数据表明:在确保贮箱供应压力稳定的条件下,来流模拟系统能够形成100~200 m/s速度的稳定来流,发动机在来流下能稳定启动工作,真空舱压力满足试验要求。     

航空橡胶密封件力学与密封性能检测技术

介绍了航空橡胶密封件的力学、泄漏、损伤、接触变形等特性的无损检测技术及应用情况。其中,橡胶密封件泄漏压差测量方法,用于获得不同压差下的气体泄漏率;橡胶密封件接触应力超声检测技术,实现了橡胶密封接触应力的准确测量;橡胶密封件损伤与泄漏的红外热成像测试技术,可以得到泄漏点的定位与泄漏量的精确测量;橡胶密封件接触变形数字图像相关技术,获得了织物接触界面变形场与应力场的演化规律等。同时,对航空橡胶密封件的非接触测量技术进行了展望。     

航天器安全防护保障探讨

把对航天器安全的威胁分为硬和软两大类，分析了对航天器产生威胁的类别，以及为保证航天器安全而需要采取的措施。介绍了研究的内容，需要建设的空间信息对抗系统和空间信息探测网。     

基于CFD技术的飞机风挡加温系统热载荷计算

热载荷计算是飞机风挡加温系统设计的基础。选取不同的飞行条件和结冰气象,基于CFD技术,通过外流场和水滴撞击特性计算得到了风挡外表面的压力分布、热流密度、对流换热系数以及局部水收集系数,最终确定了风挡防冰和防雾热载荷,并对仿真结果进行了瞬态校核。经验证表明,本文使用的计算方法合理,可以应用于工程设计。     

Early effects of low dose C ion or X-ray irradiation on human peripheral blood lymphocytes

The aim of this study was to estimate the acute effects of low dose ¹²C⁶⁺ ions or X-ray radiation on human immune function. The human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBL) of seven healthy donors were exposed to 0.05 Gy ¹²C⁶⁺ ions or X-ray radiation and cell responses were measured at 24 h after exposure. The cytotoxic activities of HPBL were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT); the percentages of T and NK cells subsets were detected by flow cytometry; mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ were examined by real time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR); and these cytokines protein levels in supernatant of cultured cells were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The results showed that the cytotoxic activity of HPBL, mRNA expression of IL-2, IFN-γ and TNF-α in HPBL and their protein levels in supernatant were significantly increased at 24 h after exposure to 0.05 Gy ¹²C⁶⁺ ions radiation and the effects were stronger than observed for X-ray exposure. However, there was no significant change in the percentage of T and NK cells subsets of HPBL. These results suggested that 0.05 Gy high linear energy transfer (LET) ¹²C⁶⁺ radiation was a more effective approach to host immune enhancement than that of low LET X-ray. We conclude that cytokines production might be used as sensitive indicators of acute response to LDI.